SELECT

[WITH [RECURSIVE] cte,…]
SELECT [DISTINCT [ON (expr,… )]] target,…
[FROM relation,… | JOIN …]
[WHERE expr]
[GROUP BY expr,… | GROUPING SETS (…) | ROLLUP (…) | CUBE (…)]
[HAVING expr]
[ORDER BY expr [ASC|DESC] [NULLS FIRST|LAST],…]
[LIMIT n] [OFFSET n]
[FOR UPDATE]
[{UNION|INTERSECT|EXCEPT} [ALL] select]

SELECT *;  SELECT users.*;  SELECT u.* FROM users u;
SELECT id, name AS n, total * 1.1 AS with_tax FROM orders;
SELECT count(*) FILTER (WHERE total > 100) FROM orders;
SELECT sum(total) OVER (PARTITION BY user_id ORDER BY placed_at) FROM orders;
SELECT 1 AS schema;   -- any keyword allowed as explicit AS alias

FROM users, orders                       -- comma = CROSS
FROM users u JOIN orders o ON o.user_id = u.id
FROM users LEFT JOIN orders USING (id)
FROM (SELECT * FROM users) AS u(id, name)
FROM generate_series(1, 3) AS g(n) WITH ORDINALITY
FROM JSON_TABLE('…' , '$[*]' COLUMNS (a TEXT PATH '$.a')) AS jt

SELECT user_id, count(*), sum(total)
FROM orders WHERE total > 0
GROUP BY user_id HAVING count(*) > 1
ORDER BY sum(total) DESC NULLS LAST
LIMIT 20 OFFSET 40;
-- grouping sets / rollup / cube normalize to sets:
SELECT a, b, count(*) FROM t GROUP BY GROUPING SETS ((a,b),(a),());
SELECT a, b, count(*) FROM t GROUP BY ROLLUP (a, b);

SELECT id FROM a UNION SELECT id FROM b;
SELECT id FROM a INTERSECT ALL SELECT id FROM b;
SELECT id FROM a EXCEPT SELECT id FROM b;